Showing posts with label Operating Systems. Show all posts
Showing posts with label Operating Systems. Show all posts

2008-01-31

Creating Snapshot-Backups with FlyBack On Ubuntu 7.10

FlyBack is a tool similar to Apple's TimeMachine. It is intended to create snapshot-backups of selected directories or even your full hard drive. From the FlyBack project page: "FlyBack is a snapshot-based backup tool based on rsync. It creates successive backup directories mirroring the files you wish to backup, but hard-links unchanged files to the previous backup. This prevents wasting disk space while providing you with full access to all your files without any sort of recovery program. If your machine crashes, just move your external drive to your new machine and copy the latest backup using whatever file browser you normally use." This article shows how to install and use FlyBack on Ubuntu 7.10 (Gutsy Gibbon).

I do not issue any guarantee that this will work for you!



1 Installing FlyBack
In order to install FlyBack, we open a terminal (Applications > Accessories > Terminal):



First we install FlyBack's dependencies as follows:

sudo apt-get install python python-glade2 python-gnome2 python-sqlite python-gconf rsync

Then we download and unpack FlyBack (in our home directory) like this:
cd ~wget http://flyback.googlecode.com/files/flyback_0.4.0.tar.gztar -zxvf flyback_0.4.0.tar.gz
That's it already, FlyBack can now be used.

2 Using FlyBack
It's a good idea to store your backups on an external hard drive. Please plug in an external hard drive and wait until it gets mounted (an icon should then appear on your desktop):
Now, in a terminal, type in the following command to start FlyBack:
cd ~/flyback/python flyback.py
FlyBack starts. If you see the following error message, simply click on OK - you can ignore this error:
FlyBack starts with the Preferences window. On the Storage Location tab, select your external hard drive:
Then go to the Included/Excluded Directories tab. Here you must specify which directories you want to back up and which ones you want to exclude from the backups:
Select the directories you want to back up (e.g. your home directory)...

... and click on the Add button:

The selected directory should now be listed under included dirs. Repeat this step for as many directories as you want to back up. The exclude patterns field already contains a good default selection of files/directories not to back up. Modify it only if you know what you're doing:

On the Backup Schedule tab you can automate FlyBack backups if you like:


Please note that FlyBack doesn't have to be running if you've selected to create automatic backups on the Backup Schedule tab. FlyBack creates a cron job for it. You can check that by opening a terminal and running:
crontab -l
In the output there should be a cron job for FlyBack (e.g. like this, running at the selected time):
falko@falko-desktop:~$ crontab -l0 3 * * * python /home/falko/flyback/flyback.py --backup #flybackfalko@falko-desktop:~$
Now that we've configured FlyBack to our likings, we can close the Preferences window.
The main window looks as follows, showing you the contents of your hard drive. The right window (system snapshots) lists all available backups - as we've created none yet, it only shows now which refers to the actual content of your hard drive.


You can browse the contents of your hard drive like you know it from your default file browser. The Home button takes you to your home directory (e.g. /home/falko):

IBM adds Linux apps support to Unix servers

(IDG News Service) IBM has added a new feature to its virtualization platform that will allow Linux applications to run on IBM's Unix servers, the company announced Tuesday.
The "Lx86" capability, to be included in IBM's PowerVM virtualization software, allows x86-based Linux applications to run on IBM's System p and Power-based Unix systems without modification, according to IBM. The systems will automatically detect and run Linux-based binaries designed for x86 environments.
"Lx86 is a way to say 'Whatever you have, it can run," said Scott Handy, vice president of marketing and strategy for IBM Power Systems.
The capability will simplify the consolidation of Unix and Linux server sprawls, Handy said. Running Linux applications in the Unix environment can reduce the cost of server consolidation and energy consumption and increase asset utilization, he argued.
Lx86 will be a useful tool for people looking to migrate from Linux systems to other IBM systems, IBM said. The company offers both Unix and Linux operating systems on its servers.
The capability will be included in all editions of IBM's PowerVM platform, which it also renamed Tuesday from the Advanced Power Virtualization platform.
The software now includes an Express edition targeted at small and midsize businesses. It allows customers to create up to three partitions on a server and control the use of processor cycles to get optimal performance. The Express edition will be shipped to customers soon, priced at $40 per core. PowerVM is also available in Standard and Enterprise editions.
IBM also announced that it will update its i5/OS operating system with support for Power6 processors. The update, called V6R1, includes improved performance, storage and security features, according to IBM.
The update supports IBM's Power6 EnergyScale technology for controlling energy use. The company also updated its Rational software tool set for the i5/OS, Handy said.
The i5/OS V6R1, for IBM's System i servers, will ship in March. It will also work with the company's new BladeCenter H server chassis, Handy said.

Microsoft adds new security APIs to Vista, XP

Microsoft Corp. has added new security-related APIs to upcoming service packs for Windows Vista and XP to expand the use of the anti-exploit technology dubbed Data Execution Prevention (DEP).
The new APIs will be included with Vista Service Pack 1, Windows XP Service Pack 3 and the brand-new Windows 2008 when those operating systems ship this quarter and next, said Michael Howard, a principal security program manager in Microsoft's security engineering and communications group.
According to Howard -- one of Microsoft's resident security gurus, who is probably best known for co-authoring Writing Secure Code -- the new APIs will allow more developers, particularly those still using older versions of ATL (Active Template Library), to call DEP in their apps.
DEP, which also goes by NX -- for No eXecute -- was introduced by Microsoft in Windows XP SP2 and expanded in Vista and Server 2008. It's designed to stop some kinds of exploits -- buffer overflow attacks, primarily -- by blocking code from executing in memory that's supposed to contain only data.
The new APIs can be used by developers working with the older ATL to enable DEP at runtime, or when the application actually launches. Previously, those programmers were forced to decide ahead of time whether their software would try to protect itself using DEP.
The most important of the new APIs is "SetProcessDEPPolicy," which sets the DEP policy for the running process, Howard said.
"When you link with the NX, it's cast in stone," explained Howard, referring to the use of ATL without the new APIs. "If you load a .dll that can't run correctly with DEP, it's not gonna work. With the new APIs, the cool thing is that you can have it in the configuration, so DEP is enabled by default -- so all the .dll [files] are protected." Those new APIs let the program opt in to DEP support when they're run, giving both developers and users more flexibility. Apps that rely on .dlls that won't work with DEP, perhaps because they're custom-created for the corporation and -- right or wrong -- use data areas of memory to execute code, can in turn opt out of the anti-exploit protection.
"We can now allow the application to be protected, even if the developer is using an old version of ATL," said Howard. "DEP is a good defense, and we want to make it easier for developers to use it."
The new APIs will also let programmers give control over DEP to users, he added. "If you support DEP but want to allow customers to disable DEP if there are serious compatibility issues, then this is the API to use because the argument can be a configuration option," he wrote in a technical post to his own blog on Tuesday.
The timing of the new APIs' introduction isn't a mystery, Howard said when asked why they are being rolled out now. "We're adding them to the service packs because they have such a high uptake" by users, he explained.
"We were much more aggressive in which components were protected [by DEP] in Vista compared to XP," said Howard. "And over time we will get even more aggressive. This is part of that."
Microsoft has slated Vista SP1 for release this quarter, though speculation has mounted that it will appear within a matter of weeks. Windows XP SP3 is scheduled to ship sometime in the first half of the year, while Windows Server 2008 has been tagged with a late-February launch date.

Computer ! My Love Today.

Very good in my time.


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